Gusle: Difference between revisions
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==== Gusle in Croatia ==== | ==== Gusle in Croatia ==== | ||
In Croatia, gusle was present in the 16th century.<ref>"[https://www.grude-online.info/srbi-prisvojili-pjevanje-uz-gusle-uzbuna-u-hrvatskoj-bih-crnoj-gori-i-albaniji/ Srbi prisvojili pjevanje uz gusle, uzbuna u Hrvatskoj, BiH, Crnoj Gori i Albaniji]". grude-online.info. 20 December 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2024.</ref> Gusle originates in Dalmatia and the coastal areas of the Dinaric region. It is thought to have been either brought by South Slavs during migration or given to Slavs by Illyrians.<ref>"[https://tradicionalniinstrumenti.blogspot.com/2015/07/gusle.html gusle]". ''tradicionalniinstrumenti.blogspot.com''. July 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2024.</ref> | In Croatia, gusle was present in the 16th century.<ref>"[https://www.grude-online.info/srbi-prisvojili-pjevanje-uz-gusle-uzbuna-u-hrvatskoj-bih-crnoj-gori-i-albaniji/ Srbi prisvojili pjevanje uz gusle, uzbuna u Hrvatskoj, BiH, Crnoj Gori i Albaniji]". grude-online.info. 20 December 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2024.</ref><ref>Mladen Vuković. "[https://www.imotska-krajina.hr/gusle-moje-sve-manje-poje/ Gusle moje sve manje poje]". imotska-krajina.hr. 8 January 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.</ref> Gusle originates in Dalmatia and the coastal areas of the Dinaric region. It is thought to have been either brought by South Slavs during migration or given to Slavs by Illyrians.<ref>"[https://tradicionalniinstrumenti.blogspot.com/2015/07/gusle.html gusle]". ''tradicionalniinstrumenti.blogspot.com''. July 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2024.</ref> Unfortunately it is an art that is dying out due to political and ideological reasons with most of the Croat Guslar population concentrated abroad; within Hercegovina. | ||
==== Gusle in Bosnia and Hercegovina ==== | ==== Gusle in Bosnia and Hercegovina ==== | ||
Bosnia, like Coratia, is said to have epic poetry as far back as the 16th century. Despite this, epic poetry in Bosnia would not be properly documented until the late 19th century.<ref>Jasmin Talam. "[https://journals.uni-lj.si/MuzikoloskiZbornik/article/view/3514 Creation, Transmission and Performance: Guslars in Bosnia and Herzegovina]". ''Musicological Annual''. University of Ljubljana. 17 June 2015.</ref> Interestingly, gusle was important in the night life during Ramazan (Ramadan) as Bosnians would gather as a community kafanas where guslars would frequent. Guslars were expected to perform the entire night which is why their performances are longer than usual. Unlike Serbia and Montenegro where performances were mostly private, Bosnian guslars would be more prominent as Turkish and Muslim officials would also appoint Muslim guslars in courts. By the 20th Century, most guslars were from residential or rural areas and in present day parts of Hercegovina and Republika Srpska still have a promient gusle scene.<ref>Kristina Bijelic. "[https://www.ljudigovore.com/issue/people-say-1920/article/the-crooked-bow-the-art-of-gusle-and-the-oral-tradition-among-the-serbs/4/ The Crooked Bow: The Art of Gusle and the Oral Tradition among the Serbs]". ''ljudigovore.com''. 7 December 2013. Retrieved 10 May 2024.</ref> Bosnian guslars are relatively rare with one of the more notable performers living in Montenegro. It largely fell out of popularity due to ideological and cultural differences over time.<ref>"[https://index.ba/gusle-su-stoljecima-bile-i-bosnjacki-instrument/ Gusle su stoljećima bile i bošnjački instrument]". ''index.ba''. 1 December 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2024.</ref><ref>"[https://bosnae.info/index.php/guslarstvo-kod-bosnjaka-su-bile-bosnjacki-instrument-2 Guslarstvo kod Bošnjaka – gusle su stoljećima bile i bošnjački instrument]". 12 November 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2024.</ref> | Bosnia, like Coratia, is said to have epic poetry as far back as the 16th century. Despite this, epic poetry in Bosnia would not be properly documented until the late 19th century.<ref>Jasmin Talam. "[https://journals.uni-lj.si/MuzikoloskiZbornik/article/view/3514 Creation, Transmission and Performance: Guslars in Bosnia and Herzegovina]". ''Musicological Annual''. University of Ljubljana. 17 June 2015.</ref> Interestingly, gusle was important in the night life during Ramazan (Ramadan) as Bosnians would gather as a community kafanas where guslars would frequent. Guslars were expected to perform the entire night which is why their performances are longer than usual. Unlike Serbia and Montenegro where performances were mostly private, Bosnian guslars would be more prominent as Turkish and Muslim officials would also appoint Muslim guslars in courts. By the 20th Century, most guslars were from residential or rural areas and in present day parts of Hercegovina and Republika Srpska still have a promient gusle scene.<ref>Kristina Bijelic. "[https://www.ljudigovore.com/issue/people-say-1920/article/the-crooked-bow-the-art-of-gusle-and-the-oral-tradition-among-the-serbs/4/ The Crooked Bow: The Art of Gusle and the Oral Tradition among the Serbs]". ''ljudigovore.com''. 7 December 2013. Retrieved 10 May 2024.</ref> Bosnian guslars are relatively rare with one of the more notable performers living in Montenegro. It largely fell out of popularity due to ideological and cultural differences over time.<ref>"[https://index.ba/gusle-su-stoljecima-bile-i-bosnjacki-instrument/ Gusle su stoljećima bile i bošnjački instrument]". ''index.ba''. 1 December 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2024.</ref><ref>"[https://bosnae.info/index.php/guslarstvo-kod-bosnjaka-su-bile-bosnjacki-instrument-2 Guslarstvo kod Bošnjaka – gusle su stoljećima bile i bošnjački instrument]". 12 November 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2024.</ref> | ||
Most releases are singles as they only contain one track that typically lasts about 30 minutes. On cassette format, these are usually split into 15-minute segments. | Most releases are singles as they only contain one track that typically lasts about 30 minutes. On cassette format, these are usually split into 15-minute segments. | ||
== References == | |||
Revision as of 05:43, 15 May 2024
| Gusle | |
|---|---|
| Stylistic origins | Central Asia |
| Cultural origins | 5th Century Serbia |
| Typical instruments |
|
Gusle (Serbian Cyrillic: гусле) is a genre of music in which a player or "guslar" recites epic poetry with the instrument it is named after. Although recognized as a part of Serbia's culture and intangible heritage by UNESCO, gusle is also performed in other areas of the Balkans such as parts of Bosnia and Hercegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, and Albania.
Characteristics
The gusle itself is a single-stringed lyre played by a bow. Double stringed gusle exist though are typically relegated to parts of the Dalmatian region and Bosanska Krajina.[1][2] Animals such as horses, goats, and eagles may be adorned on the top of the gusle. Carved portraits of historical, biblical, or mythological figures, places, or national symbols such as a šahovnica (checkerboard) or a 4S may also be on the gusle, usually placed at the base of the neck. Topics typical for the genre are historical events and/or figures.[3][4]
Gusle in Serbia
Historically, the art of singing with the gusle in Serbia and can be traced as far back as the 5th century. [5]
Gusle in Croatia
In Croatia, gusle was present in the 16th century.[6][7] Gusle originates in Dalmatia and the coastal areas of the Dinaric region. It is thought to have been either brought by South Slavs during migration or given to Slavs by Illyrians.[8] Unfortunately it is an art that is dying out due to political and ideological reasons with most of the Croat Guslar population concentrated abroad; within Hercegovina.
Gusle in Bosnia and Hercegovina
Bosnia, like Coratia, is said to have epic poetry as far back as the 16th century. Despite this, epic poetry in Bosnia would not be properly documented until the late 19th century.[9] Interestingly, gusle was important in the night life during Ramazan (Ramadan) as Bosnians would gather as a community kafanas where guslars would frequent. Guslars were expected to perform the entire night which is why their performances are longer than usual. Unlike Serbia and Montenegro where performances were mostly private, Bosnian guslars would be more prominent as Turkish and Muslim officials would also appoint Muslim guslars in courts. By the 20th Century, most guslars were from residential or rural areas and in present day parts of Hercegovina and Republika Srpska still have a promient gusle scene.[10] Bosnian guslars are relatively rare with one of the more notable performers living in Montenegro. It largely fell out of popularity due to ideological and cultural differences over time.[11][12] Most releases are singles as they only contain one track that typically lasts about 30 minutes. On cassette format, these are usually split into 15-minute segments.
References
- ↑ Gudačka glazbala. gajde.com. 9 May 2024.
- ↑ Gusle. guslemj.blogspot.com. September 2015. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
- ↑ Croatian music and dance. all-croatia.com 9 May 2024.
- ↑ "Singing to the accompaniment of the Gusle". UNESCO. 29 November 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
- ↑ "Singing along with the gusle". serbia.com. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
- ↑ "Srbi prisvojili pjevanje uz gusle, uzbuna u Hrvatskoj, BiH, Crnoj Gori i Albaniji". grude-online.info. 20 December 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
- ↑ Mladen Vuković. "Gusle moje sve manje poje". imotska-krajina.hr. 8 January 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
- ↑ "gusle". tradicionalniinstrumenti.blogspot.com. July 2015. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
- ↑ Jasmin Talam. "Creation, Transmission and Performance: Guslars in Bosnia and Herzegovina". Musicological Annual. University of Ljubljana. 17 June 2015.
- ↑ Kristina Bijelic. "The Crooked Bow: The Art of Gusle and the Oral Tradition among the Serbs". ljudigovore.com. 7 December 2013. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
- ↑ "Gusle su stoljećima bile i bošnjački instrument". index.ba. 1 December 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
- ↑ "Guslarstvo kod Bošnjaka – gusle su stoljećima bile i bošnjački instrument". 12 November 2022. Retrieved 10 May 2024.